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jogo do pau
''Jogo do pau'' ((:ˈʒoɣu du ˈpaw), "game of the stick") is a Galician and Portuguese martial art which developed along the Minho river and its surrounding regions (Minho, Trás-os-Montes, Pontevedra and Ourense), focusing on the use of a staff of fixed measures and characteristics. The origins of this martial art are uncertain, but its purpose was primarily self-defence. It was also used to settle accounts, disputes and matters of honour between individuals, families, and even villages. While popular in the northern mountains, it was practically unknown elsewhere, and those who did practise it were taught by masters from the Norte Region, Portugal and Galiza.〔«Há três escolas: -A do Norte, chamada galega por ser oriunda da Galiza...», regarding the existence of several different schools of ''jogo do pau'', one of them originary from Galiza. «Os seus professores foram os mais dextros que então havia em Lisboa --um d'elles era gallego.», regarding the galician master that taught José Maria da Silveira, the founder of the Lisboa school of ''jogo do pau'' in the 19th century. Source: Zacarias d'Aça, «A esgrima nacional», article written in the ''Diário da Manhã'' in 1883. http://www.slideshare.net/jogodopaupt/esgrima-nacional-zacarias-daca-1883〕
== History ==
The popularity of this martial art was partly due to the demeanor of the northern folk, who valued personal and family honor enough to kill for it. It was also due in no small part to the relative ease of obtaining a staff as well as the versatility of such a tool: a staff or stick was almost universally present, used as a support for the long daily walks, to help cross the rivers, by the shepherds to protect the cattle from wild animals, and so on. There are references to this martial art being used by the guerrilla against the troops of Napoleon that were occupying Lisbon during the Peninsular War.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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